Define Dengue Fever:

You can contract dengue fever by being bitten by a mosquito carrying one of the four forms of the dengue virus (DENV). Tropical and subtropical locations, such as Central and South America, Africa, some sections of Asia, and the Pacific Islands, are where the virus is most frequently found. Every year, dengue infection affect millions of people globally.

Southeast Asia, the western Pacific islands, Latin America, and Africa are where dengue fever is most prevalent. Localize outbreaks of the disease have been reported in Europe and the southern United States, among other new locations. Four billion people, or close to half of the world’s population, reside in dengue-risk zones. In risky locations, dengue is frequently the main cause of sickness.

Major & Mild Symptoms of Dengue Fever:

Many persons may not exhibit any symptoms of dengue. When symptoms do show up, they typically start four to ten days after being bitten by an infected mosquito and may be mistaken for other ailments, like the flu. dengue symptoms often appear 4 to 10 days after the initial infection Trusted Source.

The symptoms of dengue will frequently be slight. People confused for flu or other illness symptoms. Compared to older children and adults, the sickness may be milder in young children and those who have never had an infection. Typical signs of dengue fever can include, and linger for 2 to 7 days. Reliable Source:

Mild Symptoms of Dengue Fever:

Sudden, severe fever that can reach 106°F (41°C)
Terrible headache
Enlarged lymph nodes
Painful joints and muscles
Body rash (appearing between 2 and 5 days after the initial fever)

Serious Symptoms of Dengue Fever:

Dengue fever brings the following signs and symptoms:

High fever of 104 F (40 C
Headache
Joint, muscle, or bone pain
Nausea
Vomiting
Taste of the mouth getting changed
Rashes on the skin, itching in the legs

If someone having mild symptoms of dengue than they can get better in about a week. In some situations, symptoms of dengue infection might get worse and even be fatal. Your blood vessels become damaged and leaky with severe dengue. Additionally, the quantity of platelets in your blood decreases. Shock, internal bleeding, organ failure, and even death may result from this.

Dengue Fever Causes:

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and, sporadically, these mosquitoes are the primary vectors for the transmission of the viruses that cause dengue disease. According to the CDC, the viruses spread from monkeys to humans between 100 and 800 years ago, but dengue didn’t become a major issue until the middle of the 20th century.

Due to their preference for breeding in artificial containers like tires, flowerpots, and domestic water, Aedes mosquitoes are typically found in urban and suburban locations. A severe, incapacitating illness spread by mosquitoes, dengue fever (pronounced “dengue”) is brought on by any one of four closely related dengue fever.

These viruses have a connection to the ones that cause yellow fever and West Nile infection. Every year 96-400 million people affected by dengue. Most occurrences occur in tropical regions of the world, with the following regions having the highest risk:

Southeast Asia’s Indian subcontinent
China’s south
South America
Southeast Asia
Southern China

Risk Factors of Dengue Fever:

The following are risk factors for dengue fever:

Travelling to or residing in endemic or outbreak regions, particularly if no efforts are made by the populace or government to control mosquitoes
Insect bites
Infection with another dengue server repeatedly while having serum antibodies that are effective against the initially infecting virus type
Not taking preventative measures to keep mosquitoes away

Does dengue spread from one person to another?

Direct contact between people cannot spread dengue. However, a person with dengue fever who is infected and ill can spread the disease to other mosquitoes. It is known that during the period when the virus circulates and reproduces in the circulatory system, humans can spread the infection from one nation or region to another.

Types of Dengue Fever:

There are various DF types that can negatively impact a person’s life and even result in fatal circumstances. These are what they are:

Classical (Simple) Dengue Fever
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF)
Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS)

Classic Dengue Fever:

We can also refer it as uncomplicated dengue fever and has no consequences. Five to six days after the infection, the symptoms start to appear. Although the dengue fever rash typically heals fully, in some circumstances it may flare up again.

These are the symptoms of classical Dengue Fever:

Sudden onset of high temperature (up to 105°F) and extremely uncomfortable chills
Terrible headache (especially in the forehead)
Severe discomfort in the muscles and joints
Discomfort behind the eyes (especially after eyeball movement or pressing of the eye)
Mouth’s taste changes
Continent pain
T0hroat discomfort
Typical rash with minor flushing and mottling, as well as little breakouts over the face, neck, chest, limbs, and back.

Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF)

The same viruses also cause dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which is distinguished by increased vascular permeability, hypovolemic, and defective blood coagulation processes. DHF is a potentially fatal consequence that exhibits signs and symptoms identical to dengue fever, but after a few days the patient starts to become agitated, restless, and perspiring.

A sudden increase in fever, a face flush, and other flu-like symptoms are frequent signs of the condition. The fever often lasts for two to seven days, reaching a maximum temperature of 41°C and perhaps accompanied by convulsions and other problems.

DHF signs are:

105°F or so of fever
Blood in the faces, bleeding areas on the skin that cause bluish black stains, bleeding from the nose, gums, or in vomit
A successful tourniquet test
Sharp joint ache
Nausea and diarrhea
Rash on the limbs and chest

Dengue Shock Fever:

Aedes aegypti mosquito carries four dengue viruses that cause dengue fever, which is a sickness. You develop a lifetime immunity to the dengue virus after exposed to it once. All four dengue viruses can still infect you in your lifetime since the other three are still contagious.

The viruses that cause yellow fever and West Nile virus infection are related to the viruses that cause of dengue disease.

104 to 105 °F for high fever
Back of the eyes hurt
Terrible headache
Painful joints
Nausea and diarrhea
Patient seems to be quite restless.
Even in cases of high fever, skin feels cold and clammy.
Patient becomes unconscious
Internal hemorrhage caused by blood vessels

How to diagnose the dengue infection?

Blood Test
Virological Test
Serological Test

Blood Test:

Blood tests are used to detect infection or antibodies against dengue viruses.

Virological Test:

The use of virological test techniques allows for the accurate detection of many viruses. All medical facilities may not offer this kind of testing because it frequently needs specific tools and a team with technical training.

Serological Test:

This test looks for antibodies in the blood to determine whether an infection is current or recent. After returning from an overseas trip and developing dengue symptoms, you should consult a doctor and go through a test for the virus.

Dengue Vaccine:

Other dengue vaccine options are in varying stages of development in a number of different nations. The dengue vaccines include:

DENVax:

This Takeda-created vaccine combines elements from each of the four dengue serotypes to create a chimaera (mosaic). Phase III clinical trials for this dengue vaccine candidate are now under place.

TV003:

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), located in the United States, produced this vaccine. The TV003 live-attenuated vaccine combines four different vaccine formulations for each of the four dengue serotypes. Phase II clinical trials for the vaccine are ongoing.

TDENV PIV:

This is a tetravalent (killed), inactivated vaccine. GlaxoSmithKline and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in the United States created this vaccine. It contains DENV1-4. It is presently in Phase I/II clinical trials.

Dengue Fever Treatment Foods:

To recover from the dengue-related losses, the patient with this fever needs to consume enough nutrients and maintain a balanced diet.

The following should be part of your diet:

Simple to digest food Cooked cuisine, green vegetables, apples, bananas, soups, cereal, and herbal tea are a few examples.
Drink a lot of water to replenish your electrolytes and stop dehydration. Including coconut water, fresh juices, and oral rehydration solutions (ORS).
Vitamin C-rich foods, such as amla, papaya, and orange juice, boost antibodies that speed up healing and recovery, acting as a natural treatment for dengue fever.
Foods that raise the blood and platelet counts include fresh fruits, pomegranate or black grape juice, boiled green leafy vegetables, cod liver oil, flaxseed oil, and green tea.
Spicy foods and foods should be avoided by anyone with dengue.

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